In cases where the vertical difference does not exceed 40 mm, wall alignment with drywall without a profile is used. For fastening GKL sheets, special adhesives are used (Fugenfüller, Perlfix, dry Volma plasters).
The advantages and disadvantages of using drywall
There are two ways to fasten sheets: directly on the wall and on the guide strips. In the first case, the vertical drop should not exceed 4 mm, in the second, the critical value is 40 mm.
The application of the alignment method without mounting the frame has the following advantages:
- loss of space is not significant;
- the cost of consumables and work is available to most categories of citizens;
- short deadlines;
- the alignment of the walls with drywall without a frame with your own hands can be done by the owner of the apartment, without involving specialists.
TO disadvantages Methods for leveling surfaces without a framework include the following problems:
- adhesive mixtures are characterized by significant shrinkage upon drying. Violation of the technology of leveling the surface without using the frame can lead to the formation of voids and poor adhesion;
- the impossibility of using plasterboard sheets to form interior details (niches, protrusions, shelves).
Materials and tools
To eliminate the curvature of the wall using GKL sheets without using a frame, the following materials will be required:
- GKL sheets, from 8–12 mm thick.
- Adhesive mixture.
- Serpyanka.
- Primer.
- Dry gypsum powder.
For the production of work you will need tools:
- Spatula: wide (200 mm) and narrow (40 mm).
- Rubber mallet.
- Roulette 5 m.
- Pencil.
- Rule at least 2000 mm long.
- Construction knife.
- Level.
- Brush, roller.
- Twine.
- Capacity for the preparation of the adhesive mixture.
Before purchasing materials, it is necessary to make accurate measurements of the wall area, which will be leveled.
Fastening of drywall sheets by the frameless method is carried out in a run-up, so you should first estimate the location of the material, transferring the dimensions to the drawing.
Preparatory work
Before leveling the wall with drywall without a profile, prepare the surface for work. The observance of the preparation technology determines the operational properties of the surface to be straightened.
The following work will be required:
- To obtain a surface with high adhesion, it is necessary to clean old coatings to the base. If the walls have been painted to avoid time-consuming paint removal, use the surface notch method;
- the base is being studied. All detected cracks, chips and crevices must be repaired. To seal the problem areas using gypsum-based putty solutions or cement-sand mixtures. If tears of the base are detected with a width of more than 20 mm, it is permissible to use mounting foam;
- after repair work, dust and dirt are removed from the wall surface;
- the cleaned surface is treated with a primer. For work with concrete bases, deep penetration primers are used. In large areas, the primer is applied with a roller, and a brush is used in corners and places adjacent to the ceiling. Priming allows for reliable adhesion and prevents mold and fungus from spreading. To obtain the required surface quality, processing is performed twice. Further work with the base is possible only after the primer has completely dried;
- when the wall is completely ready for leveling, you need to find the extreme points on the surface. To determine vertical deviations, it is convenient to use a metal rule or an even wooden block. The level is applied to the rule and, achieving a strictly vertical position of the guide, they find the deviation values over the entire surface.
Mixture preparation
The technology for the preparation of adhesives is reflected on the packaging of any material. Manual mixing of gypsum-based materials in large volumes is not recommended - it will be difficult to achieve the desired result. A high-quality mixture is prepared using a hand mixer or a conventional electric drill with a special nozzle.
The finished mixture should not have clots or dry suspensions. The optimal is the consistency of thick sour cream.
Most materials for gluing GKL sheets retain their properties for 60-90 minutes, therefore, it is necessary to calculate the volume of the prepared adhesive mixture and the speed of work with drywall.
The final set of strength of the adhesive mixture occurs within a week.
Sheet fastening
Before aligning the walls with drywall without a frame, it is necessary to clarify the features of the operation of the room. Drywall is hygroscopic, which is why it is not recommended to use it for leveling surfaces in houses of temporary residence. It is also not advisable to use drywall in rooms with high humidity (bath, toilet and kitchen).
The sheets are fastened to the wall in two ways: along the guides (with differences up to 40 mm) and with adhesive (with differences up to 4 mm).
When working with guides adhere to the following algorithm:
- in accordance with preliminary measurements of curvature, guides from drywall strips with a width of 150 mm are fixed to the wall. For fastening strips using screws or adhesives. The distance between adjacent rails should not exceed 400 mm;
- drywall sheets are cut to size;
- an adhesive composition or a mounting foam is applied to the guide strips, and then GCR is applied. When choosing a mounting foam, it is necessary to choose the material with the lowest coefficient of expansion, which will achieve reliable adhesion;
- pressing on sheets with hands, achieve alignment. If necessary, use a rubber mallet;
- after drying the solution or foam, carry out additional fixation of GCR to the guides using self-tapping screws.
Work with a mallet on drywall is possible only until the adhesive composition or mounting foam is completely dry, otherwise the resistance provided by the hardened mixture will lead to cracks or chips on the gypsum board.
As guides, you can use not only strips of drywall, but also a metal profile or plywood.
When using drywall mounting on an adhesive directly to the base, the following actions are performed:
- Having measured the deviations of the vertical wall, on the floor draw a line along which it is necessary to orient the sheets of drywall during installation. If necessary, twine is drawn diagonally, which also serves as a limiter and guideline for the installation of gypsum plaster;
- an adhesive is being prepared;
- along the width of the area of fastening of the sheet (vertical arrangement of the sheet), the adhesive composition is applied in small piles, 25-30 mm thick, after 150-200 mm. For reliable fixation of GCR, it is necessary to prepare three strips across the width of the sheet;
- in the place of joining the wall and floor, a lining 15 mm thick is installed;
- drywall sheet with the lower edge resting on the lining and pressed against the wall. Alignment of the sheet on the limiters is done by pressing in by hand. If necessary, use a rubber mallet.
When installing drywall without guides, it is recommended to use Perlfix glue as an adhesive.
If differences up to 30 mm are detected on the wall and the method of installing drywall without guides is used, the thickness of the solution piles applied to the wall for attaching the gypsum board should be at least 40 mm.
When working with aerated concrete substrates, it should be remembered that polyurethane foam cannot provide reliable adhesion of this material with drywall, therefore, adhesive compositions are used for fixing gypsum plasterboard.
Final work
After installation of the gypsum plasterboard, they begin to mask the joints of the sheets and the heads of the screws. Masking joints using serpentine is as follows:
- The junction is cleaned with a stiff brush from small fractions of gypsum and dust.
- Serpyanka is attached along the length of the joint.
- Gypsum putty is being prepared.
- With a spatula, with a working surface width of 40 mm, putty is rubbed through a sickle into the joints of the sheets. Before starting the next work, it is required to withstand at least 15 minutes to get up the mixture.
- Using a spatula, with a working surface width of 200 mm, putty is applied over the entire joint surface. After leveling the mixture, the sickle should not be visible.
In addition to the sickle, fiberglass is used to mask the junction of the sheets. In this case, perform the following steps:
- Joints of sheets are embroidered so that a groove of 10 mm wide is obtained.
- The groove is filled with gypsum putty and leveled flush with the surface of the sheets.
- After rising putty produce a sticker fiberglass. For this, an adhesive solution based on PVA is prepared (one part of glue per one part of water). Further work can begin no earlier than half an hour later.
- Glass cloth masking is performed in the same way as a sickle mask (gypsum putty and a wide spatula).
To mask the heads of the screws, it is necessary to tighten the caps of the fasteners so that they are recessed in the GCR by 1-2 mm. Next, a gypsum putty is applied with a narrow spatula and leveled.
If after leveling the walls it is planned to wallpaper the surface, it is necessary to apply a thin layer of putty over the entire area. The dried putty is wiped with fine emery paper until a flat and smooth surface is obtained.